London: Hambledon & London, 1993.
For Americans reading 19th century English novels, or modern historical novels set in that place and time, there are three British institutions that are foreign to one’s experiences and which often produce puzzlement: The public school, the gentleman’s club, and the governess. In the centuries before the reign of Queen Victoria, the upper classes in Britain fostered the notion of home education for the daughters of the family (since they weren’t destined for university), and the person who oversaw that education was the governess. With the coming of the Industrial Age and the rise of the (mostly) mercantile middle class, the use of governesses spread.
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